The effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on periodontal disease and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Brinar, S., Skvarča, A., Gašpirc, B. & Schara, R.
Clinical oral investigations, 2023; 27, 6235–6244.
Objectives:
This study is aimed at determining the efect of concomitant antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPTD) on periodontal disease and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and methods:
Twenty-four patients with T2DM were enrolled in the study. Periodontal clinical parameters were assessed by measuring probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession (GR), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), and full-mouth sulcus bleeding score (FMSBS). Glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was measured. To determine the presence of the following periodontal pathogenic bacteria, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola, subgingival plaque samples were taken from two periodontal pockets per jaw with the greatest PPD using paper tips. Patients were randomly divided into the test and control group. In the test group, full-mouth disinfection was performed in combination with aPTD. In the control group, only full-mouth disinfection was performed.
Results:
The results showed an improvement in periodontal clinical parameters in both groups. The diference between the groups in favour of the test group was statistically signifcant for BOP. The HbA1c level decreased in both groups. The diference was not statistically signifcant. The results of the microbiological analysis suggest that the presence of periodontal pathogenic bacteria is lower with additional antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with statistically signifcant diference for T. forsythia.
Conclusions:
Additional aPDT causes a signifcant reduction in BoP in the proportion of positive sites for periodontal pathogens.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus · Periodontal disease · Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy · Indocyanine green